Tag archive

#concurrency

Topic-specific entry points for internal linking, discovery, and deeper subject exploration.

17 articles

Optimistic vs. Pessimistic Locking: Concurrency Control in Practice

Optimistic vs. Pessimistic Locking Imagine two users trying to book the last seat on a flight at the same time. If both read the count as "1" and decrement it, you've oversold the flight. This is the Lost Update Problem,…

Apr 20, 20262 min read

Deep DiveBackend Systems Mastery

#database#concurrency#locking

System DesignAdvanced

Distributed Deadlock Detection: Wait-For-Graphs

Distributed Deadlock Detection Distributed locking gets hard the moment one workflow needs multiple resources and lock acquisition order is not globally consistent. At that point, "just add TTL" is not enough. TTL handle…

Apr 20, 20264 min read

Deep Dive

#distributed-locking#deadlock#concurrency

System DesignAdvanced

Distributed Locking: Redis Redlock vs. Zookeeper vs. Database Constraints

Distributed Locking: Coordinating at Scale In a distributed system, multiple instances of a service often need to access a shared resource (like an inventory item or a single-use coupon) simultaneously. Standard language…

Apr 20, 20263 min read

PlaybookDistributed Systems Fundamentals

#distributed-systems#locking#redis

System DesignExpert

TLA+ for Backend Devs: Formally Verifying Distributed Systems

TLA+ for Backend Devs: Proving Correctness Distributed systems are prone to race conditions that standard unit tests never catch. TLA+ models your system as a state machine to prove it handles every possible edge case. 1…

Apr 20, 20262 min read

Deep DiveReliability Engineering

#tla-plus#distributed-systems#formal-verification

JavaAdvanced

Hardware-Level False Sharing: Designing High-Speed Java Objects

Hardware-Level False Sharing in Java You’ve optimized your algorithms, but your high-throughput service is still stalling. The culprit might be invisible at the code level: False Sharing. 1. The CPU Cache Line Modern CPU…

Apr 20, 20262 min read

Deep DiveAdvanced Java Mastery

#java#performance#hardware

JavaAdvanced

The Java Memory Model (JMM): Volatile, Happens-Before, and Visibility

The Java Memory Model (JMM): The Physics of Java Writing thread-safe Java code requires more than just adding synchronized to every method. To build truly high-performance concurrent systems, you must understand the Java…

Apr 20, 20263 min read

Deep DiveJava Performance Mastery

#java#concurrency#jmm

JavaAdvanced

Java Virtual Threads: High-Concurrency without the Complexity

Java Virtual Threads (Project Loom) Historically, Java used OS-level threads. Each thread cost ~1MB of memory for its stack. If you wanted 10,000 concurrent users, you needed 10GB of RAM just for the threads. Virtual Thr…

Apr 20, 20262 min read

Deep DiveAdvanced Java Mastery

#java#concurrency#project-loom

JavaAdvanced

LMAX Disruptor: How to Process 6M Transactions/Sec on One Thread

LMAX Disruptor: Mechanical Sympathy in Action Why is your multi-threaded Java code slower than you expected? The answer is often Lock Contention and Cache Misses. The LMAX Disruptor was built to solve this by embracing "…

Apr 20, 20261 min read

Deep Dive

#java#performance#low-latency

System DesignAdvanced

System Design: Designing Airbnb (Hotel/Home Booking)

System Design: Designing Airbnb (Hotel/Home Booking) Designing a platform like Airbnb or Booking.com involves two distinct technical challenges: Search (helping users find the perfect place) and Concurrency (ensuring tha…

Apr 20, 20263 min read

Deep Dive

#system-design#airbnb#booking-system

System DesignAdvanced

System Design: Designing a Distributed File Lock (Zookeeper/Curator)

Designing a Distributed File Lock In a distributed environment, two instances of a service might try to modify the same shared file at the same time, leading to data corruption. While we have locks for databases (Redis/P…

Apr 20, 20262 min read

Deep Dive

#system-design#distributed-locking#zookeeper

System DesignAdvanced

System Design: Designing a Distributed Lock Manager

System Design: Designing a Distributed Lock Manager (DLM) In a microservices architecture, multiple instances of a service often need to access a shared resource (like an inventory item or a single-use coupon) simultaneo…

Apr 20, 20263 min read

Deep Dive

#system-design#distributed-locking#redis

System DesignAdvanced

System Design: Designing an Online Auction System (eBay Scale)

System Design: Designing an Online Auction System Designing a high-scale auction system like eBay or a penny auction site is a classic concurrency challenge. The system must handle thousands of users bidding on the same…

Apr 20, 20263 min read

Deep Dive

#system-design#auction-system#ebay

System DesignAdvanced

System Design: Designing a Stock Trading Platform and Matching Engine

System Design: Designing a High-Performance Trading Platform Designing a stock or crypto trading platform is the ultimate test of low-latency engineering. You need to process millions of orders per second, maintain a per…

Apr 20, 20263 min read

Deep Dive

#system-design#fintech#matching-engine

System DesignAdvanced

System Design: Designing Ticketmaster (High-Concurrency Booking)

System Design: Designing Ticketmaster The primary challenge of a system like Ticketmaster or Booking.com is not storage, but Concurrency. How do you ensure that when 100,000 users try to book the same 10 front-row seats,…

Apr 20, 20263 min read

Deep Dive

#system-design#ticketmaster#concurrency

JavaAdvanced

Java Concurrency Patterns: CompletableFuture, Structured Concurrency, and Thread-Safe Design

Java concurrency has three eras: raw Thread and synchronized (Java 1-4), the java.util.concurrent framework (Java 5+), and the virtual thread/structured concurrency era (Java 21+). Each era's patterns still exist in prod…

Jul 8, 20257 min read

Deep Dive

#java#concurrency#completablefuture

JavaAdvanced

Java 21 Virtual Threads: The End of Reactive Programming Boilerplate

For the past decade, Java developers dealing with high-concurrency IO-bound workloads faced an uncomfortable choice: write readable sequential code that does not scale, or write reactive/async code that scales but is not…

Feb 5, 202512 min read

Deep Dive

#java#java21#concurrency

JavaAdvanced

Sync vs Async in Java: CompletableFuture, Reactive Streams, and Virtual Threads

Java has accumulated three distinct paradigms for handling concurrency over the past 15 years: traditional blocking threads, CompletableFuture-based async composition, and reactive programming with Project Reactor/RxJava…

Jan 26, 202511 min read

Comparison

#java#async#concurrency