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Tech Blog

Deep-dive articles on System Design, Java, Databases, AI/ML, and distributed systems. Written by an Engineering Manager who has built systems at scale.

62 articles7 categories

Java

Java Concurrency Patterns: CompletableFuture, Structured Concurrency, and Thread-Safe Design

Java concurrency has three eras: raw and (Java 1-4), the framework (Java 5+), and the virtual thread/structured concurrency era (Java 21+). Each era's patterns still exist in production codebases. Understanding all th…

Tech Blog

Java Concurrency Patterns: CompletableFuture, Structured Concurrency, and Thread-Safe Design

Building Production Observability with OpenTelemetry and Grafana Stack

AWS Lambda in Production: Cold Starts, Concurrency, and Cost Optimization

Event Sourcing and CQRS in Production: Beyond the Theory

Cassandra Data Modeling: Design for Queries, Not Entities

gRPC vs REST vs GraphQL: Choosing the Right API Protocol

DynamoDB Advanced Patterns: Single-Table Design and Beyond

Java Memory Management Deep Dive: Heap, GC, and Production Tuning

Kubernetes in Production: Patterns Every Backend Engineer Must Know

Zero-Downtime Database Migrations: Patterns for Production

PostgreSQL Performance Tuning: From Slow Queries to Sub-Millisecond Reads

Spring Security OAuth2 and JWT: Production Implementation Guide

Elasticsearch Query Optimization: From Slow to Sub-100ms

Scaling Spring Boot Applications to Handle 10 Million Daily Active Users

Multi-Tenancy Architecture: Database, Application, and Infrastructure Patterns

Designing a Retry System Without Causing a Retry Storm

Feature Flags and Progressive Delivery: Safe Releases at Scale

Microservices Are Overrated for Most Startups

Terraform Infrastructure as Code: Production Patterns and Pitfalls

Designing a High-Throughput Notification System for 100K Events per Second

Java Profiling and Heap Analysis: Finding Memory Leaks and CPU Bottlenecks

WebSocket and SSE for Real-Time Systems: Architecture and Production Patterns

Redis Caching Strategy at Scale: Beyond Simple Key-Value

Cloud Cost Optimization: Engineering Practices That Cut AWS Bills by 50%

Designing Idempotent Payment Systems in Distributed Architecture

Kafka Streams: Real-Time Stream Processing Without a Separate Cluster

Kafka Exactly-Once Semantics: Myth vs Production Reality

Designing a Database Sharding Strategy for 100 Million Users

Thread Pool Exhaustion in Spring Boot: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Recovery

SQS vs Kafka vs EventBridge: Choosing the Right Messaging System on AWS

Service Mesh with Istio: mTLS, Traffic Management, and Observability

Time-Series Databases: InfluxDB vs TimescaleDB vs Prometheus

Fine-Tuning LLMs: When to Fine-Tune, When to Prompt

AWS ECS vs EKS: Choosing the Right Container Orchestration

Building AI Agents with Tool Use: From Chatbot to Autonomous Agent

Java Streams API: Advanced Patterns and Performance

System Design: Video Streaming Platform at Netflix Scale

System Design: Real-Time Chat Application at Scale

Java Design Patterns: When to Use Them, When to Avoid Them

Spring Boot Performance Tuning: From 200 to 2000 RPS

Vector Embeddings: The Foundation of Modern AI Applications

Database Indexing Deep Dive: B-Trees, Hash Indexes, and Query Planning

AWS Lambda: Cold Starts, Memory Tuning, and Cost Optimization

Distributed Tracing with OpenTelemetry: End-to-End Observability

Event-Driven Architecture: CQRS and Event Sourcing in Practice

API Design: REST vs GraphQL vs gRPC — When to Use Each

Microservices Patterns: Circuit Breaker, Retry, Bulkhead, and Saga

Prompt Engineering: Advanced Techniques for Production LLMs

Elasticsearch Deep Dive: Inverted Index, Mappings, and Query DSL

Java GC Tuning: From G1 to ZGC — Eliminating Pause-Time Spikes

System Design: Search Autocomplete at Google Scale

System Design: Building a Notification System for 100 Million Users

Building a Production RAG System: Embeddings, Vector DBs, and Retrieval

Java 21 Virtual Threads: The End of Reactive Programming Boilerplate

Change Data Capture with Debezium: Real-Time Data Synchronization Patterns

System Design: Building a URL Shortener That Handles Billions of Requests

Sync vs Async in Java: CompletableFuture, Reactive Streams, and Virtual Threads

Redis Beyond Cache: Sorted Sets, Streams, and Pub/Sub Patterns

AWS Architecture Patterns for High-Traffic Applications

Kafka Internals Deep Dive: Partitions, Offsets, and Consumer Groups

PostgreSQL vs MongoDB vs DynamoDB: When to Use Which Database

System Design: Distributed Rate Limiter — Token Bucket vs Sliding Window